39b: Sakka’s Questions – 1426
comprehensible as sensation (
vedanā
). Therefore, sensation is an appropriate
subject of meditation for Devas for gaining insight into mental phenomena.
To explain this further: The arising of pleasant sensation (
sukha-vedanā
) and
unpleasant sensation (
dukkha-vedanā
) is very evident. When pleasant sensation
arises, the whole body is permeated with it. One gets excited. There is a feeling
of ease, as if being fed with butter refined 100 times over, or being applied on
the skin with oil refined 100 times over, or relieving heat by taking a bath with
cool clear water contained in 1,000 pots. It causes the person who experiences it
to exclaim: “Oh! This is pleasant, really pleasant!”
When unpleasant or painful sensation arises also, it pervades the whole body
causing great agitation and discomfort. It is as though lumps of red hot iron
were inserted into the body, or as though molten iron were poured down over
one’s body, or as though a bundle of burning faggots were thrown into a forest
of dried trees and grass. It causes the person experiencing it to groan painfully:
“Oh! This is painful, really painful!” Thus, the arising of pleasant sensation and
unpleasant sensation is quite evident.
This is not the case with neutral sensation (
upekkhā-vedanā
), which is not so
evident. It is as though hidden by darkness. In the absence of any pleasant
sensation or painful sensation, the yogi can only use his reason to understand the
neutral sensation which is neither-pleasant-nor-unpleasant. It is like a hunter
chasing a deer, making a reasoned guess where the deer’s hoof prints appear at
one end of a slab of rock as ascending it, and appear at the other end while
descending therefrom, and coming to the conclusion that the deer must have
walked across the rock. Where pleasant sensation has been clearly noted in the
yogi’s awareness, and later unpleasant sensation also has been clearly noted, the
yogi can, by applying his reason, judge that during the moments when two kinds
of sensation are not felt, there has arisen in him a neutral sensation that is
neither-pleasant-nor-unpleasant. In this way the yogi comprehends neutral
sensation (
upekkhā-vedanā
).
Thus, the Buddha first taught Sakka contemplation of physical phenomena and
then proceeded to the subject of the three sensations as a method of
contemplating mental phenomena. This method, whereby a discourse on the
contemplation of physical phenomena is followed by a discourse on the three
sensations as a meditation subject, is a common method used by the Buddha to
suit the hearer in each situation. It can be found, besides the present discourse to