39b: Sakka’s Questions – 1412
1. In the first case, there are some persons in the world who are fickle-
minded and change from one faith to another, from ascetic and
Brahmin to a heretical ascetic. If such an unreliable monastic were to be
taught the canon, he might distort the subtle teachings of the canon to
suit his own purpose. He might misinterpret the meanings of scriptural
terms such as meritoriousness and demeritoriousness. He might put the
Buddha’s teachings into the mouth of some heretic and claim that they
were what the heretic teacher said. There would be confusion.
Therefore keeping the canon from those unreliable monastics so as to
preserve the purity of the Dhamma is justified.
2. In the second case, where the learner monastic is of the type of person
who is likely to claim Awakening even though not yet an Arahat, that
would be for his ruination. Keeping the canon from such an unreliable
monastic is also justifiable. It is in his own interest that the profound
Dhamma is not imparted to him, so that the non-sharing of learning in
such cases is not stinginess or meanness.
Stinginess exists in the case of a teacher where he is afraid that his pupil might
outshine him, or excel him in the interpretation of the Dhamma, and so
withholds the learning.
Evil Consequences of Stinginess
1. One who acts with stinginess in dwelling (
āvāsa-macchariya
) is reborn
as a demon or hungry spirit, and due to the meanness about his living
quarters, he is destined to carry the filth of that dwelling place on his
head wherever he goes.
2. One who is stingy about relatives and followers (
kula-macchariya
) feels
painful to see his relatives and lay supporters making offerings to other
monastics. The greater the degree of stinginess, the greater the pain
there is. In extreme cases, thinking his relatives and lay supporters have
turned away from him, the stingy monastic suffers heart-burn to such
an extent that he may vomit blood, or his entrails may come out.
3. Stinginess about monastic requisites (
lābha-macchariya
), whether in
respect of those of the Saṅgha or of a sect of the Saṅgha, not sharing
them with fellow monastics, leads to rebirth as a demon or a hungry
spirit or as a python.