39b: Sakka’s Questions – 1411
relations with one’s own relatives and lay supporters is proper. It is stinginess
only when that other monastic is a virtuous one.
3. Any form of gain includes the four monastic requisites, which are robes, alms
food, dwellings and medicines. When, on seeing a virtuous monastic receiving
the four requisites, a monastic harbours such thoughts as: “May that one be
deprived of these gains,” this is stinginess or meanness about gain.
However, where the unwillingness to see another monastic receive the four
requisites is justifiable, there is no evil of stinginess or meanness. It is justifiable
where that other monastic is in the habit of misusing the four requisites, thus
destroying the faith of the supporters, or if that monastic does not make proper
use of them but hoards them without giving them away in time so that they turn
unusable, having gone stale or gone to rot.
4. Beauty refers to personal appearance or attributes. Meanness regarding
beauty means displeasure at another person’s good looks or attributes in the
sense that no one must have the same good looks or the same good attributes as
oneself. The mean monastic hates to discuss about other’s personal attractiveness
or good name concerning morality, practice of austerity, or practice of Dhamma.
5. Dhamma is of two kinds: learning the canon (
pariyatta-dhamma
) and
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attainment of the noble path culminating in paths, fruitions and Nibbāna
(
paṭivedha-dhamma
). The latter is the property of noble ones (
ariya
) who are
never stingy or mean about their insight knowledge. In fact they are desirous of
sharing it with all beings: humans, Devas and Brahmas. They wish all beings to
acquire the noble path they have gained for themselves. Therefore the
expression stinginess about Dhamma can mean only stinginess or meanness
about learning (
pariyatta-dhamma
). Here the meanness lies in not wanting other
people to know what one has acquired by learning the difficult and obscure
passages in the Pāḷi text and its commentaries. One wishes to remain the sole
authority in the matter of learning.
However, the unwillingness to share the book knowledge may be justified on
two counts: 1) Where the learner’s integrity is doubtful while the purity of the
Dhamma needs to be safeguarded; 2) where the value of the Dhamma is
carefully considered and the type of person needs to be saved in his own interest.
These two exceptions need to be understood properly.