39b: Sakka’s Questions – 1393
compound with a strange musical sound as though the five kinds of musical
instruments were playing. At that very moment, the Buddha rose from dwelling
in fruition attainment. That being so, the Buddha’s first sense cognition thought
was the sound of the chariot. However, it must be noted that the Buddha did not
rise from meditation absorption due to that sound; it was the predetermined
time for arising.
Sakka continued: “Venerable sir, I have learnt from those Tāvatiṁsa Devas,
who were there previous to me, that during the time of the appearance of
Buddhas, who are Arahat and Perfectly Self-Awakened, the number of Asuras
decline and the number of Devas swell. Venerable sir, I have personally
observed this fact that when the Buddha, who is Arahat and Perfectly Self-
Awakened, appeared in the world, the number of Asuras declined and the
number of Devas swelled.
Gopaka
Venerable sir, in this city of Sāvatthī, there was once a Sakyan Princess named
Gopikā, who had faith in the Three Treasures and who was in the habit of
observing the five precepts. She disliked being a female and conducted herself
well with a view to being reborn as a male. She was reborn in the Tāvatiṁsa
Realm as my son. He is known as Deva Gopaka in Tāvatiṁsa Realm.
Venerable sir, three monastics, on the other hand, practised the noble practice
under the Buddha but, at their death, they were reborn as Gandhabbas, Devas
inferior to Tāvatiṁsa Devas. These Gandhabbas enjoy sensual pleasures fully
and they come to the gathering of Devas in the Assembly Hall to entertain the
Tāvatiṁsa Devas with their music.
To them
[941]
Deva Gopaka said: “Revered sirs, with how much attention did
you listen the Fortunate One’s teachings? As for me, I was a mere woman in my
former human existence, who could only observe the five precepts, but being
greatly dissatisfied with being a woman, I conducted myself well with a view to
becoming a male at the next rebirth, with the result that I am now reborn as a
son of Sakka, lord of Devas. In this Tāvatiṁsa Realm I am known as Deva
Gopaka. As for you, revered Sirs, you were monastics who practised the noble
path under the Buddha, and yet you are now reborn as Gandhabbas, and are
inferior to Tāvatiṁsa Devas. That seems to be a very unsatisfactory matter to
me.”