37b: Ajātasattu – 1345
The Awakening of a Paccekabuddha consists in the fulfilment of five things: 1)
A human life (
manussatta
); 2) being a male (
liṅga-sampatti
); 3) discernment
leading to freedom from the pollutants (
vigatāsava-dassana
); 4) principal
service (
adhikāra
); and 5) aspiration (
chandatā
).
The Awakening of a disciple requires only two factors: 1) Principal service
(
adhikāra
) and 2) aspiration (
chandatā
). As regards the duration of time for
their fulfilment of the perfections (
pāramī
), it takes two immeasurable periods
(
asaṅkhyeyya
) and 100,000 aeons for the Awakening of a Paccekabuddha, one
immeasurable period and 100,000 aeons for that of a disciple. In realising the
four truths, the former has no teacher while the latter has.
Are not the two kinds of Awakening basically different from each other?
The answer is that they cannot be different. For Ajātasattu will fulfil
whatever is necessary for the attainment of Awakening as a
Paccekabuddha, only after suffering for 60,000 years in the Lohakumbhī
hell. Indeed those who seek Awakening as a disciple will gain it as
Paccekabuddhas, if circumstances are not favourable for them to become
disciples, but they must have resolved to gain release as Paccekabuddhas.
This is the answer given by the first school of teachers. According to them,
although the king had the potential for gaining release as a disciple, he
could not do so in the present life because of his association with his evil
friend, Devadatta, which made circumstances unfavourable and damaged
the prospects for his attainment of the path of Stream-entry (
Sotāpatti-
magga
). But later on he will fulfil everything that will contribute to his
becoming a Paccekabuddha and he will gain release.
But according to other teachers, Ajātasattu had resolved to gain only the
Awakening as a Paccekabuddha. But in the absence of any definite
prediction of a Buddha, even those who have performed the deeds
necessary for becoming a Paccekabuddha cannot gain maturity of their
Awakening in their capacity as Paccekabuddhas; instead they will attain
Awakening as disciples in the presence of a Buddha. Hence the Buddha
said: “Monks, if he had not put his father to death, he would have attained
Stream-entry path while being seated here as he heard this Discourse on
the Fruits of the Ascetic Life.”
Of the three kinds of future personages: the Bodhisatta, the future
Paccekabuddha and the future disciple, only the Bodhisatta is free from
the five deeds with immediate result (
pañcānantariya-kamma
); the other
two future ones are not. Though Devadatta had been assured that he would