37b: Ajātasattu – 1340
kings, Hemavata and Sātāgiri. This is termed going for refuge by finding one’s
support in the Three Treasures.
3. In the story of Pippali, a youth who later became well-known as Ven. Mahā
Kassapa, he donned the robe by himself and set out from his Brahmin village of
Mahātittha to visit the Buddha. On his way, he saw the Buddha at the foot of the
banyan tree called Bāhuputtaka between Rājagaha and Nāḷanda. The Buddha
was waiting for him from a distance of three miles. As soon as Pippali saw the
Buddha, he decided that: “This noble ascetic must be the teacher (
satthā
) of
Devas and humans, the good wayfarer (
Gracious One
) who has really attained
Nibbāna through excellent practice, and the Perfectly Self-Awakened One
(
Sammā-sambuddha
) who has rightly penetrated the right doctrines by himself.
Then he took refuge in the Buddha by uttering: “If I am to see the teacher
of
Devas and humans, I will see only you. If I am to see the good wayfarer, I will
see only you. If I am to see the Perfectly Self-Awakened One, I will see only you.
I will see no other person with my eye of wisdom as my teacher, good wayfarer
and as the Perfectly Self-Awakened One.” His utterances indeed amounted to
going for refuge by becoming a pupil of the Three Treasures.
4. In the Discourse concerning Brahmāyu (
Brahmāyu-sutta
, MN 91), after the
Buddha had answered the eight questions put to him by the Brahmin Brahmāyu,
the latter was much impressed and so after rising, he bowed his head to the feet
of the Buddha. He also sucked the Buddha’s feet with his mouth and massaged
them vigorously, saying: “Gotama! I am the Brahmin Brahmāyu,” and thus
mentioning his name. This gesture of the Brahmin Brahmāyu showing deep
reverence for the Three Treasures is going for refuge by showing great
reverence to the Three Treasures.
In short, there is no uniform gesture for the four kinds of going for refuge.
There are many kinds of bodily and verbal actions by which one can show
reverence for the Three Treasures. The commentary distinguished between four
kinds of going for refuge (
saraṇa-gamana
) and explained the four kinds of
reverences.
Reverence may be of four kinds, reverence for relatives, reverence from fear,
reverence for the teacher, and reverence for one who, as one of the Three
Treasures or refuges, is worthy of excellent offerings. The going for refuge
necessarily presupposes the fourth kind of reverence. It has nothing to do with
the others.