37b: Ajātasattu – 1338
the moment of path-consciousness, one is also possessed of the
supermundane going for refuge.
For example, it is said that one knows the four truths at the moment of
path-consciousness. Having Nibbāna as its object, the path-consciousness is
concerned only with the truth about the end of suffering. But it also roots
out ignorance that makes us blind to the four truths. Thus although the
noble one (
ariya
) focuses his mind only on Nibbāna, he becomes aware of
the three other truths that do not directly concern Nibbāna: the truths
about suffering, the cause of suffering and the way to
[908]
the cessation
of suffering.
The mundane going for refuge arises in an ordinary person (
puthujjana
) when
he contemplates the attributes of the Buddha, the Dhamma and Saṅgha in the
effort to remove the defilements (
upakkilesa
) that defile the going for refuge.
Basically this going for refuge means faith in the Buddha, Dhamma and Saṅgha
or right view (
sammā-diṭṭhi
) based on faith or a mental factor of wisdom
(
paññā-cetasika
). As one of the ten meritorious actions (
puñña-kiriya
), it is
called straightening one’s views (
diṭṭhi-uju-kamma
).
Here faith too is termed going for refuge and so is the faith and wisdom
combined. Mundane consciousness, with regard to the threefold refuge, is of two
kinds: Intelligent consciousness (
ñāṇa-sampayutta-saraṇa-gamana
) and
unintelligent consciousness (
ñāṇa-vippayutta-saraṇa-gamana
). The former is the
consciousness of children who recite the refuge-formula at the advice of their
parents. Here it is only a matter of faith (
saddhā-cetasika
). The intelligent going
for refuge is based on the knowledge of the noble characteristics of the Three
Treasures and here faith and wisdom are jointly mentioned as going for refuge
because they are easily felt. The actual going for refuge, however, is the
consciousness that is led by faith and wisdom. Again, the mundane going for
refuge is of four kinds:
1. Going for refuge by giving up oneself to the Three Treasures (
atta-
sanniyyātana-saraṇa-gamana
).
2. Going for refuge by finding one’s support in the Three Treasures
(
tapparāyaṇa-saraṇa-gamana
).
3. Going for refuge by becoming a pupil of the Three Treasures (
sissa-
bhāvūpagamana-saraṇa-gamana
).