37a: Devadatta – 1310
1. All monks should live in a forest hermitage for life. A monk, who lives
in a monastery near a village, should be guilty of an offence.
2. All monks should eat only the food that they obtain by going on the
alms round. A monk, who accepts the food which the laymen have
offered after invitation, should be guilty of an offence.
3. All monks should wear only robes made of rags. A monk, who accepts
robes offered by laymen, should be guilty of an offence.
4. All monks should dwell at the feet of trees. A monk, who goes to a
monastery with a roof, should be guilty of an offence.
5. All monks should avoid eating meat and fish. A monk who eats meat or
fish, should be guilty of an offence.
Then the Buddha said: “Devadatta, your demands are not proper or reasonable.
1. Let the monk live in a forest hermitage or in the monastery near a
village according to his desire.
2. Let the monk eat the food that he gets by going on alms round or by
accepting the food offered by laymen after invitation.
3. Let the monk wear robes made of rags, or robes offered by laymen
according to his desire.
4. Devadatta, I have permitted the monks to dwell at the foot of trees for
eight months only, but not during the Rainy Season.
5. I have permitted the monks to eat meat or fish provided they do not see
or hear or have any suspicion about any creature being killed for their
food.
Herein when Devadatta made the five demands, the Buddha knew
instantly that his object was to create a schism in the Saṅgha. As
concessions to these demands would be a hindrance to spiritual progress,
the Buddha considered them unreasonable and said that a monk might live
in forest hermitage if he wanted to, and so on. In this connection, a good
monk should know the wish of the Buddha as well as what is proper for
him.
According to the Buddha, there are four kinds of monks: The forest-
dwelling monk who will gain the paths and fruitions by virtue of his great
physical and intellectual strength; the monk who cannot live in the forest