36: King Pukkusāti and Others – 1284
were to see him now would he recognize him, Ven. Pukkusāti’s reply was that he
had not seen him and that he would not know him if he were to see him now.
Herein everyone knew the Buddha from his glory. This is not surprising.
But it is hard for people to know the Buddha when he went incognito as an
ordinary monk on alms round with his glory hidden. So Ven. Pukkusāti
answered honestly that he would not know the Buddha. He did not know,
even though he stayed in the same hut with the Buddha.
Knowing that the monk’s weariness had vanished, the Buddha decided to preach
to the one who had dedicated his monk’s life to him, the Buddha said: “Monk! I
will teach you. Listen to my teaching. Bear it well in mind. I will teach you the
Dhamma thoroughly.”
Up to that time, the monk Pukkusāti still did not know that his companion
was the Buddha.
Pukkusāti had renounced his kingdom after reading the message of his friend
King Bimbisāra and had become a monk in the hope of hearing the sweet
Dhamma of the Buddha. He had made such a long journey without meeting
anyone who would care to teach him. So why should he refuse to welcome
respectfully the teaching of his companion? Like a thirsty man, he was very
anxious to drink the water of the Dhamma. So he gladly agreed to listen to the
teaching respectfully.
Then the Buddha gave the summary or contents of the Discourse giving an
Analysis of the Elements (
Dhātu-vibhaṅga-sutta
, MN 140) as follows: “Monk! A
person or a being has six elements, six sense organs, eighteen modes of thought
and four kinds of support. He, who exists on these four supports, is free from the
current of conceit born of ego-illusion. When such current of conceit is absent in
a monk, he is said to be one whose pollutants (
āsava
) are destroyed.
1. He should be mindful of insight knowledge (
vipassanā
).
2. He should speak the truth.
3. He should strive to repudiate moral defilements.
4. He should practise the Dhamma only for the extinction of defilements.
After thus stating these fundamentals of the Dhamma, the Buddha explained
them one by one in detail.