34a: The 17th Rains Retreat (Beauty) – 1126
the body thus:
[796]
“Beautiful is my body indeed. Beautiful am I indeed.
My beauty is permanent!”
Having thus taught the loathsomeness of the living, now, in order, to preach the
loathsomeness when life is destroyed, in other words, having taught that even
the body of the Universal Monarch is full of putridness, and that therefore even
life filled with all kinds of luxury is also unpleasant, the Buddha uttered this
verse (Snp 202):
Yadā ca so mato seti, uddhumāto vinīlako,
apaviddho susānasmiṁ, anapekkhā honti ñātayo.
When the body is dead because of the absence of three factors: Life (
āyu
),
or material and mental life (
jīvita
), body temperature (
usmā
) or the fire
element generated by the past deeds (
kammaja-tejo
) and consciousness
(
viññāṇa
) it becomes swollen like a leather bag filled with air, it turns
black through loss of the original complexion and it lies in the coffin
deserted at the cemetery. Then all relatives and friends have no regard for
him thinking: “It is certain that the dead will not come to life again.”
In this verse, by “dead (
mato
)” is shown impermanence; by “lies in the
coffin (
seti
)” is shown a lack of vitality. By both words, it is urged that the
two kinds of conceit, the conceit due to living (
jīvita-māna
) and that due to
strength (
bala-māna
), should be rejected.
By “swollen (
uddhumāto
)” is shown the destruction of shape; by “turns
black (
vinīlako
)” is shown the loss of the original complexion. By both
words it is urged that the conceit due to beauty and that due to good shape
should be rejected.
By “deserted (
āpaviddho
)” is shown the total absence of what is to be taken
back; by “at the cemetery (
susānasmiṁ
)” is shown the loathsomeness that
is so intolerable that the body is not worth keeping at home. By both words,
it is urged that the grasping with the thought: “This is mine,” and the
impression that: “It is pleasant,” should be rejected.
By the words “all the relatives and friends have no regard for it
(
anapekkhā honti ñātayo
),” is shown that those who formerly adored the
deceased no longer do so. By showing thus it is urged that the conceit due
to having a large number of companions around (
parivāra-māna
) should
be rejected. By this verse, the Buddha thus pointed out the lifeless body
that has not disintegrated yet.