34a: The 17th Rains Retreat (Beauty) – 1120
characteristic of suffering (
dukkha-lakkhaṇa
) and the characteristic of non-self
(
anatta-lakkhaṇa
).
The way he teaches is as follows:
[792]
When one remains long in any of the
four postures of walking, standing, sitting and lying down, one becomes painful
and uneasy. In order to dispel that pain and uneasiness, one changes one’s
posture.
The characteristic of suffering is covered over by change in posture. In
order to not let the characteristic of suffering appear, it is hidden by means
of another posture. That is why the wise say: “The posture (
iriyāpatha
)
covers the characteristic of suffering.”
Thus by the three feet beginning with:
Caraṁ vā yadi vā tiṭṭhaṁ,
“whether
walking or standing,” the characteristic of suffering covered up by a change of
posture is taught.
Change of one posture to another is due to body-pain. The cause, which is
body-pain, the characteristic of suffering, is known from the aforesaid
effect which is change of posture.
In the same way, as there is no posture of standing, sitting, etc., while one walks,
the characteristic of impermanence covered by continuity (
santati
) is taught by
the Buddha who says:
Esā kāyassa iñjanā
,
“
all these postures of walking,
standing, sitting, lying down, stepping forward, stepping backward, bending and
stretching are movements of the body.”
Further explanation: The uninterrupted arising of matter and mind is called
continuity. Because of this continuity, which is the uninterrupted arising of
matter and mind, the cessation and disappearance of matter and mind, that is,
the characteristic of impermanence, is not seen. That is why the wise say:
“Continuity covers the characteristic of impermanence.” By his teaching:
Esā
kāyassa iñjanā
, the Buddha means to say: “All these postures of walking,
standing, sitting, lying down, stepping forwards, stepping backwards, bending
and stretching are movements of the body.”
In each posture, an aggregate of mind and matter, in harmony with the posture,
arises uninterruptedly. With the change of each posture, the aggregate of mind
and matter changes or disappears too. Therefore, it is understood that by the
fourth and last line, the Buddha teaches the characteristic of impermanence
covered by continuity.