30: The 12th Rains Retreat (Famine) – 1032
The rules that had been laid down would have been destroyed. They would
not have lasted. Hence the Buddha said, in the negative: “Dear Sāriputta,
as long as there do not take place wrongdoings in the Saṅgha, a Buddha
does not lay down the rules for the disciples,” and so on.
Herein, the time when wrongdoings have not taken place means the time
which was not ripe yet for laying down rules. The time when wrongdoings
have taken place means the time which is ripe for doing so. The laying
down of rules at an inopportune time might bring about the aforesaid
blame and censure. The same action, taken as required by the occurrence
of wrongdoings, may be likened to a skilful medical doctor who gives the
ulcer that has appeared curative treatment by operating on it, applying
medicine, dressing, cleaning and so on and causes the recovery of the ulcer
and the normalcy of the skin. The Buddha may be likened to him, who is
not abused but honoured for his distinguished service in his medical
profession, for he was similarly not abused and blamed privately or
otherwise but
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honoured for his distinguished efficiency in the matter
of his omniscience. The rules laid down would not then be impaired but
would stand intact for long.
By the words in the first statement is shown the opportune and
inopportune time for laying down rules. By the words in the second, third,
fourth and fifth statements, is shown the time when wrongdoings occurred.
The elaborate meaning of these words may be taken from the Section
about Verañjā (
Verañja-kaṇḍa
, Vin Pār 1, PTS 3.1).
Taking Leave at the End of the Rains Retreat
After the Buddha had thus explained in detail the question of laying down the
disciplinary rules to Ven. Sāriputta, the general of the Dhamma, he spent the
whole Rains Retreat (
Vassa
) at Verāñjā and performed the Invitation (
Pavāraṇā
)
on the Great Invitation Day, the full moon of November
(
Assayuja
), at the end
of the Rains Retreat. Then he called Ven. Ānanda and said: “Dear Ānanda,
when the Buddhas have observed the Rains Retreat at the request of others, it is
not their custom to depart without asking them for leave, or, they depart only
after informing them. Come, Ānanda, let us go and seek permission from
Brahmin Verañja.” After finishing his meal, the Buddha, with Ven. Ānanda as
his companion, visited Verañja’s place in the afternoon, illuminating the city
gates and all the roads and streets with his body radiance.