30: The 12th Rains Retreat (Famine) – 1021
Question: Despite his knowledge in anticipation, why did the Buddha keep
the Rains Retreat (
Vassa
) only in Verañjā, but not in Campā, Sāvatthī,
Rājagaha, or in any other city?
Answer: In that very year, in that very period, even if the Buddha stayed
in the northern continent of Uttarakuru or in the Tāvatiṁsa abode of
Devas, the possession by Māra would take place all the same, let alone in
Campā, Sāvatthī, Rājagaha or anywhere else. In that year Māra was
overwhelmed with malice, ill-will and hatred against the Buddha. In the
city of Verañjā, however, it was also foreseen by the Buddha that the
horse-merchants would come to the monks’ honour and relief. Hence he
observed his Rains Retreat only in Verañjā.
Question: Was Māra not able to control the horse-merchants magically?
Answers: Yes, Māra was able to do so. But it was only after his attempt to
control and deceive the citizens by magic that they arrived in Verañjā.
Question: Though they arrived only after Māra’s attempt, why did he not
come
[722]
back and exercise his magical influence on the merchants?
Answer: He did not because he was powerless to do so. Explanation: By no
means can Māra do harm to three things meant for the Buddha: 1) The
meal cooked and brought as an offering; 2) the offering of food decided to
be a constant duty by those who think: We shall give the Buddha
throughout such and such period; and 3) an object brought to the
monastery and offered by word of mouth saying: “This is for the Buddha’s
use as part of the four requisites.”
Further explanation: The following are the four things that nobody can do
harm to: 1) The food that is brought and about to be offered and the four
requisites intended to be a permanent offering which are deposited for the
Buddha; 2) the life of the Buddha that usually is four-fifths of the human
lifespan of the period in which he appears. That is to say that no one could
disrupt the life of our Buddha Gotama before he was 80 years old which
was four-fifths of 100, the normal lifespan of people in his day; 3) the
Buddha’s major and minor marks and his bodily-radiance; in fact, the
radiance of the moon, the sun, Devas or Brahmas disappears on coming to
the place where the Buddha’s marks and radiance shine; and 4) the
Buddha’s omniscience. Therefore it may be taken that the barley to which
harm could not be done by Māra was consumed by the Buddha and his 500
monk disciples.