30: The 12th Rains Retreat (Famine) – 1018
do as requested by the Brahmin. Clever in behavioural studies, the Brahmin
reflected: “If venerable Gotama does not accept my word, he should have
rejected it by deed or by word, now that he assumes no appearance of refusal,
but of consent, he must have accepted it in his heart.” Having known the
Buddha’s acceptance, he stood up from his seat and paid respects to him from
the four quarters and encircled him three times, keeping him at his right.
Though he had accused
[720]
the Buddha, since his arrival, for showing no signs
of reverence to elders, he was not content at all in repeatedly doing homage to
him in all three manners – physically, verbally and mentally – now that he had
analytically understood his virtues. Placing his folded hands on his head and
facing in the direction of the Buddha as far as he could see, he withdrew,
walking backward. It was only at the point where he lost sight of the Buddha
that he finally made obeisance to his heart’s content and departed. At the request
of the Brahmin Verañja, the Buddha observed the twelfth Rains Retreat (
Vassa
)
in the city of Verañjā with his 500 monks.
Famine in Verañjā City
At that time Verañjā was short of food. It was hard to make a living there. There
were white bones all over the city. People had to draw lots for food rations.
Therefore it was not easy for the monks to get enough food by going round with
an alms bowl in their hands. The horse-merchants of the northern region
(
Uttarā-patha
) were then staying with 500 horses in Verañjā to take shelter from
showers of rain during the rainy season. At the horse-yards the merchants made
a regular donation of one measure (
pattha
) of barley to each monk. When the
monks entered the city in the morning for alms food and did not get any, they
went to the horse-yards and each received one measure of barley which they
brought to the monastery and pounded it in small mortars and ate it.
Travelling was impossible on account of heavy rains during the four
months of the rainy season in Verañjā. Hence the horse-merchants stayed
there to take shelter from the rains. They had lodges and stables built, and
enclosures made on unflooded grounds outside the city for such a stay.
These sites of the horse-merchants were known as horse-yards.
They brought the barley which they had steamed to make it last long and
free from worm-holes and which they had husked so that they might use it
as horse-food where grass and such fodder were not available. These
merchants of the Uttarāpatha were not faithless like the people of the