30: The 12th Rains Retreat (Famine) – 1015
teeth, wrinkles of the skin, and the like. He knows not even a bit that he is being
followed closely by the danger of rebirth, besieged by the danger of old age,
overwhelmed by the danger of ill-health, threatened by the danger of death; nor
does he realize that as a stump in Saṁsāra he could die today and would become
a messenger of the King of Death, lying on its back, tomorrow. However, he
came to me with great effort. Let his visit to me be a beneficial one.”
In order to make clear that he was peerless, eldest, and foremost among beings,
the Buddha elaborately delivered his discourse in the following manner:
“Brahmin, suppose a hen has eight eggs, or ten, or twelve. Suppose the hen does
her three jobs: She sits well on the eggs, provides them with heat, and imbues
them well with her odour. Of all the chicks that lie in the eggs so treated one
comes out first with ease after breaking the shell with its claws and beak. Would
you call it senior or junior?” asked the Buddha. “Venerable Gotama, it should be
called senior. Of all the chicks, the little one that has come out first after
breaking the shell is the oldest, as its making of appearance is the earliest,”
answered the Brahmin.
Then the Buddha said: “Brahmin, in the same way, of all beings lying in the shell
of ignorance (
avijjā
) and being wrapped up all round by the shell of ignorance, I
am the first to have realized the unmatched, supreme path-knowledge of an
Arahat with omniscience after breaking through the shell of ignorance. Brahmin,
I therefore am the oldest of all those existing in the world of sentient beings.”
Herein an explanation of the simile may be made as follows. Now with
reference to the part of the simile (
upamāna
), the second part of the
comparison, which is the little chicks: the eggs do not rot because the
mother-hen looks after them in three ways: by sitting on them, by
providing heat to them and by imbuing them with her odour. The wet
outer membranes then dry up. The egg-shells also become thinner and
thinner day by day. The claws and the beak of the chicks grow bigger and
harder. The little birds get stronger. Since the shells become thinner and
thinner as days go by, the light outside the shells penetrates them. Then the
chicks think: “For a long time we have stayed in the confinement with our
legs and wings cramped. The light appears outside. We shall live outside
comfortably where the light is.” Desirous of coming outside, they kick the
shells with their legs. They also forcefully stretch out their necks.
Therefore the eggs are broken. The chicks then emerge from the shells,
flapping their small wings and chirping for the moment. Of all these
chicks, the one which comes out first should be named as the senior-most.