29: The 11th Rains Retreat (Kasibhāradvāja) – 999
Just as the Brahmin’s plough shafts hold on the yoke and the log, even so
the Buddha’s twin shafts of conscience and concern hold onto the yoke and
the log of mundane insight wisdom (
lokiya-vipassanā-paññā
) and
supermundane path wisdom (
lokuttara-magga-paññā
), as the existence of
these two kinds of wisdom depends on conscience and concern regarding
evil. The yoke and the log do their respective jobs as has been mentioned
before only when they are bound up with the shafts. Only then are they
neither shaky nor loose but remain tight and fastened. In the same way, the
aforesaid two kinds of wisdom perform their respective duties only when
they are bound up with the twin shafts of conscience and concern. Only
then are they neither slack nor weak but remain tight and fastened and
unmixed with unwholesome things that may arise from lack of conscience
(
ahirīka
) and lack of concern (
anottappa
). Hence the Buddha’s saying: “My
conscience and concern of evil deeds are the twin shafts of the ploughs.”
With reference to the saying: “My mind is the ropes,” the key word “mind”
here means “concentration.” Hence the translation: “My mind generating
concentration is the ropes, which are of three kinds: one for tying, another
for harnessing and the third for linking.”
There are three kinds of ropes, one for tying, i.e., tying the shafts and yoke;
[708]
another for harnessing, i.e., harnessing the draught bullocks to the
yoke, and the remaining one for linking, i.e., linking the driver with the
bullocks. Just as the Brahmin’s three ropes kept the shaft, the yoke and the
bullocks together and made them accomplish their respective tasks, even
so the Buddha’s rope of concentration helped him focus the shafts of
conscience and concern, the yoke of wisdom and the bullocks of energy on
a single sense object and made all these carry out their respective functions.
Hence the Buddha’s saying: “My mind generating my concentration is the
ropes.”
With reference to the saying: “My mindfulness accompanied by insight
wisdom and that accompanied by path wisdom are the plough-teeth of the
plough and the goad.” Just as the natural plough-teeth guard and lead the
plough pole, even so mindfulness guards wisdom by exploring the
perspective of wholesome things and bringing them into focus. In many
Pāḷi texts therefore the Buddha teaches mindfulness to be the protector. By
never being negligent, the plough-teeth of mindfulness precede the plough-
pole of wisdom. Indeed the factors that have been investigated by the
preceding mindfulness are penetrated by the following wisdom.